Age Of Empire 1875–1914

What made Israel was not Herzl or Weizmann, but (Russian-inspired) labour Zionism.

for the mass basis of an organized Slovak nationalism was to be found in Pennsylvania rather than in Slovakia.

Until the triumph of television, there was no medium of secular propaganda to compare with the classroom.

for the Zionist Jews, they went one better by identifying the Jewish nation with Hebrew, a language which no Jews had used for ordinary purposes since the days of the Babylonian captivity

Linguistic nationalism was the creation of people who wrote and read, not of people who spoke.

For the word ‘nationalism’ itself first appeared at the end of the nineteenth century to describe groups of right-wing ideologists in France and Italy,

typical pre-1914 form of avant garde show-business was the Russian ballet, for which the great impresario Serge Diaghilev mobilized the most revolutionary and exotic composers and painters. But the Russian ballet was aimed at an elite of well-heeled or well-born cultural snobs as unhesitatingly as American film producers aimed at the lowest permissible common denominator of humanity.

Der Zeit ihre Kunst, der Kunst ihre Freiheit’ – ‘To our era its art, to art its freedom’

schools designed to be difficult of mass access such as ‘symbolism’

Italian futurists, moving towards the right.