The Qur'an

None of us who approach the Qur’an are gender-neutral, classless, disinterested, and disemboweled figures who “just want to understand”.

also tentative and no tafsir or ta’wil is value free.

Rahman insists that “the Qur’an is the divine response ... to the moral and social situation of the Prophet’s Arabia” (1986).

The Qur’an, despite its inner coherence, was never formulated as a connected whole, but was revealed in response to the demands of concrete situations.

The Qur’an portrays a picture of a Deity actively engaged in the affairs of this world and of humankind.

“the Qur’an is the divine response, through the Prophet’s mind to the moral and social situation of the Prophet’s Arabia, particularly the problems of the commercial Meccan society of his day”

it a collection of divine responses to earthly events or is it a pre-existing canon according to which events must play out in order that its narratives, injunctions, exhortations, etc., can acquire flesh and blood?

God’s response to the requirements of society over a period of twenty-three years.