Weeds, such as deep-rooted perennials, compete for soil moisture and nutrients in newly planted and mature orchard and berry crops. They also may intercept light in newly planted or shorter crops. Weed shifts Excessive “weedy” vegetation in most orchards and perennial berry fields is controlled by mowing or flailing row-middles and applying herbicides within the tree-row. Repeatedly using the same or similar weed control practices can result in a weed shift to species that tolerate these practices. This work provides the fundamental information necessary for the development of weed management strategies for all the major crops using concepts that can be applied worldwide. The dynamics involved in creating the best management approaches for specific types of crops are explained. This textbook furnishes information on the mode of action of herbicides. It encompasses the effect of herbicides on important groups of horticultural crops. We hope that the book will be useful to the students, research workers, teachers, farmers and extension workers alike.
