Madhavi Vaidya

It supports both object-oriented database and the relational database.

The user sees the data to exist in the form of a two-dimensional table or groups of tables. The tables are created in tablespaces.

One tablespace can contain many data files. A new tablespace is created using CREATE TABLESPACE command.

BULK INSERT is a Transact-SQL statement that implements a bulk data-loading process, inserting multiple rows into a table

Data Definition Language (DDL): This component is used for defining, altering, and destroying the objects in applications like tables, indexes.
Data Manipulation Language (DML): This component is used for inserting, appending, modifying, and removing the data from the table.
Data Query Language (DQL): This is used to display or retrieve the data from the table in the form of records.
Data Control Language (DCL): This component is used for defining and providing security to the tables and database object
Transaction Control Language (TCL): This is used to commit the transaction or to roll-back the transaction. The transaction is saved after execution or the transaction can be undone

There are objects, which store the user data. Tables can be permanent or temporary.

The SELECT keyword allows us to take all information from a column (or columns) on a table. Of course, there is probability of redundancies. What if we only want to select each DISTINCT element? This is easy to accomplish in SQL.

Differentiate between unique and distinct: The unique can also be used in place of distinct (given previously). It works in the same manner how distinct works. The unique clause is different from the constraint unique, which is used.

In this preceding example, the values, which are inserted, are case sensitive. So, the values, which are in bracket after IN clause, should be matched with the records entered under grade.

To make the changes permanent, COMMIT must be issued. Part or all of a transaction can be undone with the ROLLBACK statement.