en

Steven Johnson

  • Вадим Мазурhas quotedlast year
    a few feet away
  • Вадим Мазурhas quotedlast year
    there is something peculiar in
  • Вадим Мазурhas quotedlast year
    to predict with reasonable accuracy
  • Вадим Мазурhas quotedlast year
    Scientists and animal lovers had long observed that as life gets bigger, it slows down. Flies live for hours or days; elephants live for half-centuries. The hearts of birds and small mammals pump blood much faster than those of giraffes and blue whales.
  • Вадим Мазурhas quotedlast year
    As the science writer George Johnson once observed, one lovely consequence of Kleiber’s law is that the number of heartbeats per lifetime tends to be stable from species to species. Bigger animals just take longer to use up their quota.
  • Вадим Мазурhas quotedlast year
    the speed with which
  • Вадим Мазурhas quotedlast year
    When they finally crunched the numbers, West and his team were delighted to discover that Kleiber’s negative quarter-power scaling governed the energy and transportation growth of city living. The number of gasoline stations, gasoline sales, road surface area, the length of electrical cables: all these factors follow the exact same power law that governs the speed with which energy is expended in biological organisms.
  • Вадим Мазурhas quotedlast year
    If an elephant was just a scaled-up mouse, then, from an energy perspective, a city was just a scaled-up elephant
  • Вадим Мазурhas quotedlast year
    A city that was ten times larger than its neighbor wasn’t ten times more innovative; it was seventeen times more innovative. A metropolis fifty times bigger than a town was 130 times more innovative
  • Вадим Мазурhas quotedlast year
    as cities get bigger, they generate ideas at a faster clip. This is what we call “superlinear scaling”: if creativity scaled with size in a straight, linear fashion, you would of course find more patents and inventions in a larger city, but the number of patents and inventions per capita would be stable
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